二○○六年搞笑諾貝爾獎(Ig Nobel )







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[Oct 12, 2006]


特別:二○○六年搞笑諾貝爾獎(Ig Nobel )


編輯 Gene 報導

搞笑諾貝爾獎今年的得獎名單已經公佈,今年的搞笑諾貝爾得獎主題包括比利時乾酪及臭腳丫的味道、指甲刮黑板的聲音、啄木鳥不會頭痛的秘密、挑食的糞金龜、按摩肛門治療打嗝、拍團體照的密技和如何用恐怖高頻對付吵死人的小鬼等研究成果。

搞笑諾貝爾獎和諾貝爾獎一樣,在每年十月初頒發,主辦單位是科學幽默雜誌Annals of Improbable Research (AIR),其名借用自「不名譽」(ignoble),本身就帶有貶低意味。它在共同1991年首次舉辦,今年已經是第十六屆。儘管如此,搞笑諾貝爾的得獎主題,也都是曾經在權威的專業學術期刊上的發表,多數得獎者也認同它是一種另類的榮譽,雖然沒有獎金,而且要自付旅費,不過每年都能從正牌諾貝爾獎得主手中領獎。

和平獎

得主英國威爾斯的Howard Stapleton發明了一種專門對付青少年的高頻噪音機,這玩意兒發出的恐怖高音頻噪音只有青少年可以聽得到,大多數成年人都無法聽到。這項發明甚至還被運用到手機鈴聲上,有業者用它來生產只有學生可以聽到鈴聲且老師聽不到的手機。

生物學獎

今年的搞笑諾貝爾生物獎頒予兩位研究甘比亞瘧蚊(Anopheles gambiae)的荷蘭科學家Bart Knols和義大利科學家Ruurd de Jong。他們發現比利時乾酪和人的臭腳丫的共同點除了腥臭難聞之外,還也都會吸引甘比亞瘧蚊。[1-4]

鳥類學獎

加州大學戴維斯和洛杉磯分校的Ivan R. Schwab和已故的Philip R.A. May,發現了啄木鳥一直去撞樹卻不會頭痛的秘密--啄木鳥的腦袋和眼球固定得比較緊,所以不會在頭殼裡亂撞,因而獲得今年搞笑諾貝爾獎的鳥類學獎。[5-7]

聲學獎

聽到指甲刮黑板的尖銳聲音,會讓人渾身不自在,其道理何在?芝加哥西北大學的D. Lynn Halpern、Randolph Blake和James Hillenbrand在廿年前就已經有了解答,今年他們因這項舊研究,榮獲搞笑諾貝爾的聲學獎。[8]

醫學獎

惱人的打嗝原來可以透過手指按摩肛門來解決,因為受刺激的迷走神經能夠停止打嗝。這是美國田納西大學醫學院的Francis M. Fesmire以及以色列的三名科學家Majed Odeh、Harry Bassan和Arie Oliven不約而同的研究,榮獲搞笑諾貝爾醫學獎。[9-11]

營養學獎

科威特科學家Wasmia Al-Houty和Faten Al-Mussalam的研究顯示糞金龜其實很挑嘴的。[12]

數學獎

澳洲的Nic Svenson和Piers Barnes則因計算出拍團體照時,要拍到一張沒人閉著眼睛的照片,倒底得按多少次快門,而榮獲今年搞笑諾貝爾數學獎。[13]

物理學獎

法國的Basile Audoly和Sebastien Neukirch研究出為何試圖折斷乾麵條時,麵條為何往往會碎成兩段以上。[14]

化學獎

西班牙的Antonio Mulet、Jose Javier Benedito、Jose Bon和Carmen Rossello研究發現原來超聲波通過切達乾酪的速度是受溫度影響的。[15]

文學獎

普林斯頓大學的Daniel Oppenheimer發現大學生傾向於使用複雜的字彙來彰顯自己的聰明智慧,結果反而弄巧成拙。[16]

每位得獎人致謝詞嚴格限制在一分鐘內,不然才八歲的司儀小女孩就會跑到受獎台前,開始大叫閉嘴。觀眾可以朝台上亂射紙飛機,哈佛大學的物理學家Roy Glauber負責把紙飛機掃掉,去年他以光的同調性的量子理論的貢獻,拿到了正牌的諾貝爾物理獎,可是今年仍堅守職責。

原學術論文:
1. "On Human Odour, Malaria Mosquitoes, and Limburger Cheese," Bart. G.J. Knols, The Lancet, vol. 348, November 9, 1996, p. 1322.
2. “Behavioural and electrophysiological responses of the female malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) to Limburger cheese volatiles,” Bulletin of Entomological Research, B.G.J. Knols, J.J.A. van Loon, A. Cork, R.D. Robinson, et al., vol. 87, 1997, pp. 151-159.
3. "Limburger Cheese as an Attractant for the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s.," B.G,J. Knols and R. De Jong, Parasitology Today, yd. 12, no. 4, 1996, pp. 159-61.
4. "Selection of Biting Sites on Man by Two Malaria Mosquito Species," R. De Jong and B.G.J. Knols, Experientia, vol. 51, 1995, pp. 80–84.
5. "Cure for a Headache," Ivan R Schwab, British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 86, 2002, p. 843.
6. "Woodpeckers and Head Injury," Philip R.A. May, Joaquin M. Fuster, Paul Newman and Ada Hirschman, Lancet, vol. 307, no. 7957, February 28, 1976, pp. 454-5.
7. "Woodpeckers and Head Injury," Philip R.A. May, Joaquin M. Fuster, Paul Newman and Ada Hirschman, Lancet, vol. 307, no. 7973, June 19, 1976, pp. 1347-8.
8. "Psychoacoustics of a Chilling Sound," D. Lynn Halpern, Randolph Blake and James Hillenbrand, Perception and Psychophysics, vol. 39, 1986, pp. 77-80.
9. "Termination of Intractable Hiccups with Digital Rectal Massage," Francis M. Fesmire, Annals of Emergency Medicine, vol. 17, no. 8, August 1988 p. 872.
10. "Termination of Intractable Hiccups with Digital Rectal Massage," Majed Odeh, Harry Bassan, and Arie Oliven, Journal of Internal Medicine, vol. 227, no. 2, February 1990, pp. 145-6. They are at the Department of Internal Medicine, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel;
11. "Hiccups and Digital Rectal Massage," M. Odeh and A. Oliven, Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 119, 1993, p. 1383.
12. "Dung Preference of the Dung Beetle Scarabaeus cristatus Fab (Coleoptera-Scarabaeidae) from Kuwait," Wasmia Al-Houty and Faten Al-Musalam, Journal of Arid Environments, vol. 35, no. 3, 1997, pp. 511-6.
13. "Blink-Free Photos, Guaranteed," Velocity, June 2006.
14. "Fragmentation of Rods by Cascading Cracks: Why Spaghetti Does Not Break in Half," Basile Audoly and Sebastien Neukirch, Physical Review Letters, vol. 95, no. 9, August 26, 2005, pp. 95505-1 to 95505-1.
15. "Ultrasonic Velocity in Cheddar Cheese as Affected by Temperature," Antonio Mulet, Jose Javier Benedito, Jose Bon, and Carmen Rossello, Journal of Food Science, vol. 64, no. 6, 1999, pp. 1038-41.
16. "Consequences of Erudite Vernacular Utilized Irrespective of Necessity: Problems with Using Long Words Needlessly," Daniel M. Oppenheimer, Applied Cognitive Psychology, vol. 20, no. 2, March 2006, pp. 139-56.


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